William Rainey Harper
(1856-1906)

William Rainey Harper was born in New Concord, Ohio, on
July 26, 1856, the son of a storekeeper. Referred to by one writer
as a "child genius," Harper entered Muskingum College at age
ten. Following graduation, he worked as a clerk in his father's gen-
eral store. At age eighteen, he received a Ph.D. from Yale.

Several years later. Harper was given a professorship at the Bap-
tist Union Theological Seminary in Morgan Park, where he taught
Hebrew and biblical scholarship. While there, he met Thomas
Goodspeed, who was a trustee of the "first" University of Chicago
that had been founded on land donated by Senator Stephen A.
Douglas. Goodspeed attempted to get Harper to assume the pres-
idency of the institution, which was then in financial difficulty, but
Harper returned to Yale as a professor of the Bible. Goodspeed later
prevailed on John D. Rockefeller to commit to the funding of
a new University of Chicago, and Rockefeller himself persuaded
Harper to become its president.

As president. Harper was dedicated to the spread of learning
far and wide in the service of mankind. His principal vehicle was
a program called the University Extension that called for lectures
for college credit at locations throughout the city and for corre-
spondence courses for students throughout the world. So suc-
cessful was Harper at attracting scholars to the university that it
was said to be the only institution in the history of higher learn-
ing to spring into existence with a world-renowned faculty. He
managed, as well, to include women on the faculty and in admin-
istrative positions, and fully a quarter of the students were female.
When he brought Amos Alonzo Stagg to the university to start a
football program (Stagg had been a former student of Harper's at
Yale), he replied to faculty critics of the move that "the university
of
Chicago
believes in football. We shall encourage it here." So
abundant was his energy, so forceful his intellect and his pres-
ence, that the newspapers of the time referred to the institution as
"Harper's
university."

Harper became a member of the Club June 7, 1892. He
presented two papers: Art Among the Hebrews (May 16,1898) and
Semitic Literature as Illustrated by the Code of Hammurabi (January
30, 1905). At age forty-nine, learning that he had incurable
cancer.
Harper nevertheless continued to shoulder his responsi-
bilities as president of the university until his death on January 10,
1906.

Read before the Club:  November 2, 1998

Two other Literary Club members played important roles in the
founding of the University of Chicago. Charles L. Hutchinson led the
effort to raise funds locally to secure the Rockefeller gift. Additionally,
when the university opened, Martin A. Ryerson was president of the
board of trustees, and Hutchinson was the university's treasurer.
Among other things, they were responsible for the architectural design of
the campus. Both of them devoted the remainder of their lives to the
welfare of the institution.